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Written by Юрий РужинÑкий   
Wednesday, 02 April 2008
The text of the original in Russian 

(Please adjust the price in time and geographically) 

 Chestnuts (because there are fruit trees, known popularly «wild» or the «horse») - so at this time unclaimed protein product, which can produce a sensation (or a small revolution) in the private and small zhivotnovodstve.Kashtany for its nutritious properties even surpass wheat and maize (for proteins and fats) - the basic feed grains. Chestnuts well eat as cattle, and goats, pigs, sheep, and poultry - chickens, ducks, geese ... 

 Chestnuts is distributed throughout the Ukraine, because they are an integral part of the urban landscape and many city streets are Chestnut alley. Chestnuts tech: opadayut from the trees within a certain time (usually - in the second «Indian summer»), easy going, have a small «square dispersion», sufficiently dense in structure, well-crushed and stored. But the greatest of their dignity - they are free! Last fall I spent a practical natural experiments - in Kharkov (Sokolniki district, opposite the entrance Hazza) I found quite a large chestnut tree, and for 50 minutes, brought 40 kg of appetizing kashtanchikov (as I do it «doper» public transport home - a separate topic for conversation, I would say only that it is very difficult to detach from the collection of the charm). With an average humidity of about 16-18% in terms of dry mass of protein, I received about 33 kg of first-class fodder. From the theory of animal husbandry is well known that to obtain 1 kg of meat product must be skormit an average of about 10 kg of dry fodder. In other words, I would have received the equivalent of 3.3 kg of selected meats, or (at purchase price 12-15 UAH / kg) about 45 uah. profits. Agree - not bad enough. But this is all true for the whole production cycle, which is not always vozmozhno.Sbor chestnuts offers no difficulties - the trees are located in urban areas with developed transport and roads. Often the chestnuts fall on the straight and clean asphalt (footpaths), contaminating it (the city authorities only say thank you for the cleaning). The only inconvenience - bolyat first leg of a long sitting at kortochkah.Posle gather chestnuts must be dry, otherwise they quickly zaplesneveyut and will be ineligible for further feeding the animals. When small volumes can be dried in the attics or in the sun, that it's not very effective, but very simple. When sufficiently severe amounts of chestnuts should be dried in special columns, purged from the bottom up with hot air from the self-heater (wood or coal coolant). Application of electrical economically impractical, and the use of hydrocarbon fuels (both liquid and gas), creates the risk that animals may not have chestnuts out of the emergence of a specific smell (especially - in the incomplete combustion of fuel). After a thorough drying chestnuts need to grind for Hammer Mill or obscure in the rollers (which is more sophisticated and feasible even in manual mode). Possible combinations, when the initial grinding of large fruit occurs on rollers, but more subtle - in a simple household hammer mill. In this case, you can get a fine muku.Ispolzovanie chestnuts in the form of flour or the election in its pure form economically impractical and may only zakarmlivaniya animals before uboem. In all other cases, preferable to add chestnut flour in the feed composition (fodder). In fact, I have watched with appetite «guzzle» chestnut goat, which we keep the house quite a long time. Only need to hammer to break intact fruit chestnut, so that you do not accidentally crush the goat. It is also known that in the Crimea occurred every autumn migration of wild pigs in the areas of rich chestnut plantings. It is obvious that hryushki has long set its verdict in favor of the produkta.Kak same practice to primarily collect chestnuts (with the further processing of the particular problems are foreseen)? I imagine two versions of the works: 

 1. Family farmers of the suburban areas of the car with a trailer coming to town to collect chestnuts. In doing so, you must first conduct a ground reconnaissance to determine the pre-harvest field. At that time, as children, and wife (Required!) Mother-in-law Rachki gather chestnuts in the bags, the father removes the harvest home and unload it. According to my calculations the family of 5 persons for one day can be collected and removed to 1 ton of chestnuts. To grow the same amount of corn (for grain), the same 5 people have to spend approximately 12-15 days (not including the exploitation of the land on which to grow something else). And just for the season is realistic to collect 5-15 tons of chestnuts, but there have already set the bar higher restrictive existence resources. In any case, feed the workpiece in real, cost-effective and economically justified. 

 2. Harvesting chestnuts can be produced using local labor (janitorial, homeless, retirees, students, unemployed). To do so, in the press, as well as «pillar advertising» to the announcement of the purchase of chestnuts, to indicate acceptance of the item (the courtyard of private houses, stall or place and time where the farmer will podezzhat on his car for the products), quality requirements, the purchase price 1 kg chestnuts (tentatively - 20-30% of the market value of 1 kg of maize). Given the difficult financial situation in the country, as well as the fact that scrap metal (and even more - tsvetmet) - rapidly exhausted, and a bottle of the product will soon be taken only as a battle (for the price of 2 kop / kg), it becomes evident that there is still a long time we will have to collect kashtany.Proanalizirovav park it. Gorky (Kharkov) on the number of lanes, where chestnuts grow, their thickness, the average yield, the length of paths, I have concluded that the forage potential of only one mountain. Park is about 10-12 tons, and the entire city - at least 50-80 tons is a lot or a little? And this is as expected. To the extent the city - Mizerov. To the extent of several families - a real business. If you equate the cost of chestnuts to the average market price of feed grains (50-60 kopecks / kg), the amount of 25-48 ths. (or $ 4,6-8,9 thousand who like fun) is not so frivolous. If you work for the full program - the purchase of chestnuts from the population and feeding their animals, then (as described above rates) receive an average profit of UAH 88.000 (16.300 $). Even with all the overhead is quite impressive summa.Potentsial I appreciate the whole of Ukraine in the 50-60 tonnes of chestnuts, or $ 16 million in terms of the final product. This is our internal reserves, which do not require any acreage or farm, no fertilizer, no bank loans. Yield chestnuts quite stable and not dependent on weather conditions, which can not be said about the crops. These farmers or other landowners may neugodyah plant chestnut trees, so that in the future (after 8-10 years) to collect full-stern product. Described in the beginning of this article, the tree was age 20-25 years, the area of crown in terms of land area - 20 m2 and an average yield of 40 kg of raw fruit, or about 1.65 kg/m2 of dry grain equivalent. The average yield of chestnuts growing on the expanse, will be about 165 kg / ha. The real yield, taking into account the age of trees, density of planting, as well as the completeness of the collection of chestnuts may be 80-100 kg / ha (1 ha - 104 m2), which is a serious competitor to traditional fodder cereals. In doing so, virtually free of charge so nepahotnyh on lands suitable for grazing. Wood zernovodstvo well as adverse features: trees ennobles area, give oxygen, improve the fertility of land, created by the forest-steppe zone is modified flora and fauna, wood, chestnuts can be used for further processing. In any case, the trees - it was good. And if we understand it, we would also be good. 

/ "TRAKTAT the reduction of entropy, vol II, issue number 17 /  
 

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