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Technique Technique | Auto Linear gasoline generator (diesel generator) for a hybrid car
Technique Technique | Auto Linear gasoline generator (diesel generator) for a hybrid car
| Linear gasoline generator (diesel generator) for a hybrid car |
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| Written by Юрий Скоромец | |
| Tuesday, 13 January 2009 | |
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The text of the original in Russian Linear gasoline generator (diesel generator) for a hybrid car Historically such a way that the engine and generator of electric power used as two different units, and only when necessary, they joined into one. Since the rotational motion is more convenient to use, the engine reciprocating converted into rotary motion. But the engine-generator is not necessary to first back and forth motion to convert to rotary, and then, in the generator of the rotational motion to derive straight-line component, that is to do two opposite transformation. You can make the motor-generator, in which part of a closed electrical circuit makes no rotary motion in a magnetic field, and back and forth, along with an internal combustion engine connecting rods. Scheme explaining the principle of the traditional and of my generator shown in Fig. 1  Fig. 1. Scheme explaining the principle of the traditional and the linear generator. In a typical generator voltage is used to produce wire frame, rotating in a magnetic field, and driven by an external engine. The proposed generator wire frame moves linearly in a magnetic field. This small and neprintsipialnoe difference makes it possible to significantly simplify and reduce the price of an engine, if it is used as an internal combustion engine. The proposed engine generator - this power plant that runs on liquid fuel: diesel, gasoline, or mixtures (diesel-oil, gasoline, alcohol). When the operating cycle of the left cylinder, Fig. 2, the plunger under the action of pressure in the combustion chamber, moving from left to right. Under the influence of excess pressure in predpusknoy cell predpusknoy valve is closed, and here comes compressed air for ventilation of the cylinder. Also, excessive pressure in the chamber predpusknoy managed to lock the fuel supply to the injector fuel injection. For example, if predpusknoy chamber is pressurized, the fuel supply to the burners is not possible. Upon reaching the piston (Compression Rings), smart windows, Fig. 3, the pressure in the combustion chamber has falls further and the piston connecting rods to move by inertia, ie the mass of the mobile part of the generator plays a role in the normal engine flywheel. In this completely open smart windows, and the compressed air in predvpusknoy cell, under the pressure difference (pressure in predpusknoy chamber and atmospheric pressure), blow the cylinder. When the pressure in the chamber falls predpusknoy This pressure opens the gate for fuel, but fuel is not yet closed smart windows can not be cast.  Fig. 2. The linear generator. Then, when the working cycle in the opposite cylinder, is a cycle of compression. When moving the piston from right to left, Fig. 2, piston smart windows are closed when the fuel coincidence channel and channel management of injection, is injection of liquid fuel, at this point the air in the combustion chamber is under slight excess pressure of the beginning of the third cycle of compression. Upon further compression, as soon as the temperature of air-fuel ratio becomes equal to the rate of fire ture, will begin operating cycle and the process repeated. In this internal combustion engine is only two coaxial and located opposite the cylinder and piston connected to one another mechanically. The ventilation system of cylinders is depicted in Fig. 3. Ventilation cylinder by venting of the cylinder is carried out through smart windows. As a generator of middle and high power synchronization Shatunov motion is achieved by reducing the current excitation Left Behind connecting rod, and, with the parallel connection of windings of generators (a high gain of negative feedback). Synchronization is the same as the synchronization of several generators in one network, a parallel connection of the power windings. At the same time have high gain in negative feedback. When desync appear larger forces that are trying to level the speed Shatunov synchronous generator working, like the inclusion of a few alternators in one network. Ignition system is absent. Ignition is carried out by means of compression in the cylinder as the upper dead point in the engine, does not explicitly defined. Launched three high-power short-pulse currents, the generator operates in the mode of the engine. High current pulse to obtain the terminal capacitor, previously charged him for a while, through the step-up transformer (50-100 kHz), from the low power supply. Also, the launch can be carried out using compressed air. Adjusting the output voltage is carried out by changing the frequency of the generator. For example, if the output voltage deviates from the reference, the control unit changes the current of the electric fuel pump excitation, as a result, his power is changing, and as a result of changing fuel pressure before the injector fuel injection. This portion of the fuel injection is changed, which leads to the enrichment or impoverishment of the fuel mixture. This leads, at constant load, to change the frequency of movement of connecting-rod. Benefits of a generator of direct conversion 1. Small size and weight, because of the lack of connecting rods-crank mechanism. 2. High time between failures, due to a lack of connecting rods, crank mechanism, ignition systems and the presence of only the longitudinal stress. 3. Low price due to a lack of connecting rods-crank mechanism. 4. Manufacturability, for the manufacture of parts needed only netrudoemkie operations, turning and drilling. 5. The possibility of regulating the volume of the combustion chamber without stopping the engine. 6. The absence of sliding contacts. 7. Ability to work on different types of fuel, as it is possible to regulate the volume of the combustion chamber without stopping the engine. 8. The lack of ignition. 9. Load current generator does not affect the magnetic field generator, and hence on the characteristics of the generator.  . Fig. 3. The ventilation system  Fig. 4. The general principle of constructing a generator.  Generator of low power, up to 20 kW  Fig. 5. Generator of low medium and high power over 20 kW. Basically, a resource of internal combustion engines is limited for such reasons. 1. In an engine with a crank mechanism, connecting rods, the forces acting on the plunger, in use are not coaxial, and the resulting force presses the piston to the cylinder wall, where there is greater friction on the piston in the cylinder, while, over time, the piston takes the form of oval, compression in the cylinder and the engine falls out of order. 2. Refills - sliding bearings, crankshaft at the neck, eventually disappearing. They formed a space through which pass begins supply for lubrication oil, oil pressure drops and the unacceptable level. 3. In the operation of blurred cams valve actuators, the valve is not dootkryvayutsya, and power drops to unacceptable levels. 4. Progorayut edge of the hot valve. In the proposed engine, these parts are missing, and will not affect the resource engine. With regard to the generator, the magnetic field of the proposed generator, in the main part, is always constant, it gives you the opportunity to produce magnetic, not to individual plates (to reduce eddy currents), and with the piece of material that substantially increase the strength of magnetic circuit, and reduce labor manufacture. Most parts of the generator are formed by direct conversion of the surface of revolution, that is, have cylindrical shape. This makes it possible to produce them using the cheapest and the automated turning operations. Disadvantages • Clozhnost obtain the output voltage in the form of sinusoids, but with the modern development of electronic and converter technology, this shortcoming does not really matter. • Presence of multiple cylinder internal combustion engine. The mathematical model of the generator is based on Newton's laws, Fig. 6   Fig. 6. A mathematical model of generator A device to regulate the volume of the combustion chamber shown in Fig. 7. Adjusting the volume of the combustion chamber is the same as adjusting the mass of the test blanks in testodelitelnoy car. When you rotate the output shaft stepper motor, rotates gear, which is engaged with the gear-bush. In podvizhnoyshesterne-sleeve is the right and left hand threads, and with the rotation of pistons, or come and drive, thus changing the distance between the pistons, and consequently changes the volume of the chamber, Fig. 7. All the above described nodes and aggregates, the principles of construction used before separately, and showed its efficiency. The main application described generator - uninterruptible power supply at low power, allowing the connected devices a long time to work with the loss of the power supply voltage, or when leaving the parameters of acceptable standards. Such generators can be used to ensure electrical energy for industrial and domestic electrical equipment, in the absence of electrical ne   Fig. 7. A device to regulate the volume of the combustion chamber |