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Technique Technique | Auto Secure the car on 21 th century
Technique Technique | Auto Secure the car on 21 th century
| Secure the car on 21 th century |
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| Written by Борис Смирнов | |
| Thursday, 04 September 2008 | |
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The text of the original in Russian Every year on the planet under the wheels of cars dies about 1 million 200 thousand people. And just for the past XX century killed more than 30 This is the million compared to the war: on the road. It is no coincidence that the UN Secretary General Kofi Annan in his report on the 58 th session of the United Nations called the situation with the emergency crisis of global road safety and called on the Governments of all States to show strong political will to address this problem. A war against humanity, motorists must be stopped. For 2003, only in Russia, more than 204 thousand traffic accidents killed 35.6 thousand people, injured another 244 thousand Russians. Compared with 2002 the number of accidents increased by 10.8%, the number of dead - on 7,0%, the wounded - at 12.7%. Experts estimate the socio-economic costs of traffic accidents amounted to 321.6 billion rubles. European Union, the task before the auto manufacturers to improve the safety of vehicles in 2005 to 20%, and by 2010 another 20%. Therefore, a huge role in the production programs of the world's automobile automotive safety plays. It spent billions of dollars developing. The new model before receiving the permit in life - are the hardest test, in which thousands of cars are broken. I propose that some of my ideas and inventions, which, in my opinion, would improve the passive safety of the car and save thousands of lives. Armchair, saving the driver from injury. The main elements of passive safety are the tethered belts and airbags. However, pillows are not always effective, and in some cases dangerous. This can happen when a driver or passenger with glasses, holding a smoking pipe in the teeth or the head turned toward the temporal part of pillows, etc. American Standard 110 - liter bag filled with over 50 ms. Her surface mchitsya toward the chest and face at a speed of 300 km / h, and all this accompanied by loud cotton, smoke and a sharp increase in pressure in the cabin, with windows closed. Particularly affected, the elderly and children who received a contusion injury can be permanent, but may end up and died. Sometimes they occur and a false activation, for example, when a vehicle collision on the curb and struck repeatedly with a car during the accident, the effectiveness of airbags is zero Safety belts can also be a cause of serious injury if they improperly used. They are designed for the average person and do not take into account his height, fullness and weight. During the attack on a vehicle barrier, is vyskalzyvanie body from under the belt. As a result, the belt may be causing serious injury abdomen or neck. A belt of security becomes a murder weapon. He was particularly dangerous for pregnant women. Belts and airbags play a small role in the rescue, when the car upright on the roof, as gap between the driver's head and the roof is only a few centimeters. In addition, safety belts and airbags are designed to protect only the upper body, while the lower limbs injured by destroying the floor, from attacks on the dashboard, steering column, steering wheel and pedal unit. Analyzing the causes of accidents, you can come to the conclusion that the main cause of death in frontal impact and overturning a car, is the vertical position of the upper part of the body of his driver and a passive position, in anticipation of a car collision with an obstacle. Everyone knows that when the current emergency road situations, when a car collision with an obstacle can not be prevented, for example, slippery pavement, the driver and passengers can only wait for 'results'. For life and health must be to fight the car. The existing system currently active and passive safety inactive, and 'wait' car collision with an obstacle to engage in 'work'. Assume that the car was moving at a speed of 64 km / hr or 17.8 m / sec (crash-test EuroNcap), the distance to the obstacles of 50 meters, the car will overcome it - over 2.8 seconds. During this short period of time, the driver is unable to take any action that would prevent a collision. But this time, it is sufficient to bring the body of the driver to a safer position in the car, for example, recalled the pilot posture bolide F-1, which even in an accident at a huge speed rarely gets serious travmy.Sama the idea is that if the current extreme traffic situation, and, anticipating the collision, the driver abruptly and with a force push on the brake pedal. (In this situation, the force pushing the pedal can reach 70-100 kg, while, in normal or sport driving style, it does not exceed 30-40 kg). During this time period (2.8 m / sec) from the beginning of the emergency brake and the car until the moment of collision with an obstacle, the driver's seat tilted back to 15-20 degrees, and fixed in this position. (Tilt the chair back is carried out through the hinged connection of the rear pillars to the body). This driver takes half recumbent position, from this, increasing gap between the head and the roof, away from the wrinkle and traumatic parts of the car of his lower limbs and upper body. At the same time, the driver's body moved from a passive situation into an active state through the use of his legs as shock absorbers, which ends at point-blank pallet. (To do this in a state of chairs added pallet floating type, with emphasis to the legs). At the same time, tilting chair, which activates the brake system of ABS, and a car without a driver may ostanovitsya.Naklonennaya seat cushion at 15-20 degrees, exclude vyskalzyvanie driver's body from under the safety belt. Significantly reduced pressure belt in the abdomen and chest kletku.Polu recumbency driver inclined to back seat, will save him from head injuries and spine, when the car kryshu.Perevozka child, pre-inclined to back the front passenger seat would be safer. (Bolide pose a pilot of F-1). From an economic point of view, the cost of a mechanical device tilt chairs, is an order of magnitude less expensive disposable airbags. Another advantage of this system is that, unlike the airbags, the driver may try to work (train) at any time when the car is parked. Sharp and with a force of pressing the brake pedal and the seat leaned back. Break to death in a car would be a big problem. More than 270 thousand people each year worldwide are spine injuries during the impact of the car behind. The American and European experts tested the driver's seat several hundred cars. It was found that in most modern cars the driver and passenger risk of serious neck injuries when the rear of the car even on a small speed vrezhetsya another car. The reason is the imperfect design of the head, which is an element of passive safety. The effects of the sharp zaprokidyvaniya head back - this is the correct damage to the thoracic and cervical spine, and it saves the life of the head man in a situation where the stroke occurs in the car behind. This is particularly true of highways with a speed of moving vehicles, where the clash of 'parovozikom' - a common phenomenon. The main drawback of the head with metal bars, used in most cars is that they have a manual adjustment for height. Therefore, nobody regulates when boarding passengers, for example, in a taxi. Especially, purely decorative role of head restraints in the back seat. This is done in order not to overlap the visibility through the rear glass. Therefore, the head should be automatically tuned to the increase in passengers. To do this in every seat cushion placed elastic container filled with gel and connected via two flexible hose from a cylinder located in the seat, which move posts, with the pistons at the ends. In cylinder or flexible hoses mounted straight valves and check valves in the smaller size. In each cylinder, located return spring. The work of the head as follows. The passenger, sitting down in the car, its weight creates pressure on the pillow car seat, which is transmitted to the flexible container. The gel from the tank through a hose to direct the valves supplied in cylinders and pressure on the pistons racks. In turn, the pistons moving up and overcoming the resistance of return spring, raise the head in position. Lifting height of the head is designed for average size (height and weight) of the person. In the case of non-standard size passenger (heavy weight - low growth and low weight - high growth) is a small manual adjustment at the design. When the chair is discharged, it stops pressure on the cushion and flexible capacity. At this point the return of spring begin to unclasp open check valves and pistons move down, carried away by a desk with a headrest. The head of the slowing automatically takes its original position. This head in the back seat will not override the visibility through the rear glass |