Multirotorny unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) Print E-mail
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Written by Станислав Колесник   
Sunday, 19 September 2010
 1. Multirotorny unmanned aerial vehicle
 
  Sutproekta and product: Multirotorny BLPA - this is an unmanned aerial vehicle, which is a samostabiliziruyuschuyusya horizontal platform.
 
 Produktsposoben: perform aerial photos and video, as well as exploration in avtonomnomrezhime and interesting in the first place MChSi other special services.
 
 2. The project used global experience in robotics, mikroelektromehanicheskimsistemam, actuators, sensors, actuators, a microcontroller, microprocessor and embedded systems, reconfigurable devices, automation and process control system, control system, diagnostic machines, izmeritelnymtehnologiyam engineering.
 Field of application - environmental monitoring, development of weapons and voennoytehniki, combating terrorism, agriculture, utilities, security ipodderzhanie law, domestic sphere and leisure, the elimination posledstviytehnogennyh accidents, aerial photos and video.
 The project is part vperechen priority directions of science, technology and tehnikiRossiyskoy Federation: Advanced weaponry, military and special equipment.
 
 As well as using technology, which includes a list of critical technologies at the federal level: Tehnologiivysokotochnoy navigation and traffic control: 5.5.1.tehnicheskie tools and high-precision navigation system based on the use sputnikovyhsistem GPS-GLONASS transmission lines of digital data, intellectual ibortovyh land management systems that satisfy the promise izarubezhnym domestic standards.
 3. At the moment: there nedostatokotechestvennyh UAVs, particularly the vertical take-off, capable of solving zadachivizualnogo control at low altitudes in urban conditions.
 
 From analizaanalogov: the minimum price the product supports the amount of 600 thousand rubles. Analogues of foreign production, similar in characteristics and are sold at this time for 1 million 600 thousand rubles. Analogue of the Russian proizvodstvanet but simple UAV otechestvennogoproizvodstva affordable 500 thousand rubles.
 Simple and naglyadnyyprimer problem: the capture of the building. BPLAsposoben as close to the windows of the building, and a survey vnutrennegodvora that promotes coordination of the storming party. Another simple example sluzhitdostavka and discharge medication group of people on a drifting ice floe.
 4. UAV is able to: carry avtomaticheskiypolet to a predetermined operatorommarshrutu and hover at a given height, carrying on board video equipment vgiroskopicheskom suspension.
 The set zadachareshaetsya through: the use of microprocessor control systems, poslednihrazrabotok of sensors and advanced composite materials.
 Using UAVs: the zonehimicheskogo or any other infection, the rescue services of the current can neriskovat life and health of personnel, as well as gaining access to sites focus raneenedostupnym technological accident.
 5. Dynamics rynkarobototehniki extremely high: a well-mastered Industrial Robotics, togdakak special and everyday robotics remain low razvitiya.Burny growth of this sector is projected over the next 3-5 years old.
 Special Robots: designed to solve problems not vypolnimyeranee, or to employ a person more effectively, economically ibezopasno.
 Competitors Existing market: UAVs of this type in the world series are manufactured by companies Draganfly Innovations Inc. (USA) and Microdrones GmbH (Germany).
 Preimuschestvootechestvennogo UAV over its competitors: it is the price and maintainability, and takzhebogaty functional and load.
 6. To complete the project ivyhoda on serial model (product) must be as follows:
 NCI: Introduction vmatematicheskuyu model "filter Callamand"
 ROC: Finalization of software vnesenieizmeneny in the design by switching to composite materials.
 7. To solve postavlennyhzadach output is planned for a partner for the production and searching for investors.
 8. In the near-completion of R & D buduschemplaniruetsya. End time work 4 a month.
 
MultirotornyyBLPA
 
 Multirotorny BLPA - a mini unmanned aerial vehicle multirotorny, which is a self-stabilizing in the horizontal position of the platform, which has automated and remotely piloted (UAV) regimes. Dannogotipa UAVs are aircraft with negative buoyancy (tyazheleevozduha), which provide the lifting force from 4 to 12 propellers iliimpellerov pulling or coaxial. Getting information from unmanned vehicles and issuing emukomand through a control unit, implemented on a computer bazepersonalnogo, RC remote control and receiver-peredayuschihmoduley.
 Stabilization of the platform in the air, as well as its displacement in All Its direction is achieved by changing the rotation speed dvigateleyotnositelno each other, which is implemented by the microcontroller core of the electronics board (AVR 8-Bit RISC). Vokrugsobstvennoy compensation apparatus rotation axis (reactive torque) is primeneniempropellerov with counter-rotating .
 Unlike radio-controlled helicopters, this apparatobladaet increased stability, the regime avtopilotirovaniya, prostotoyupravleniya, low cost maintenance and repair, as well as a number avtonomnyhprogrammiruemyh functions.
 
 Features UAV
 In the basic configuration dannyyapparat can:
 - Up to vysotudo 250 meters (limited by software) payloads weighing up to 1,3 kg (depending on the configuration of the device). As the payload can bytfoto-, video equipment, sensors, thermal imagers, leaflets to alert the population ochrezvychaynyh accidents, etc.;
 - "Hang" nazadannoy operator height with the possibility of a smooth increase and decrease;
 - Move into vsehnapravleniyah speeds up to 50 km / h over a distance of up to 500 meters (ogranichennoprogrammno);
 - Block vremyaapparata depends on the configuration of the device and its payload, but vpredelah from 7 to 20 minutes;
 - Vshirokom operated outside temperature range from-10C to 35C, as well as privetre to 20-25 m / sec.
 
 When equipped with the apparatus dopolnitelnymoborudovaniem, except the above capabilities, the device is able to:
 - Osuschestvlyatavtonomny flight on the route which is marked with dots on the map with stops vdannyh points on the specified operator time, with a given accuracy uderzhaniyapozitsii;
 - Retain specified operatoromvysotu and position;
 - Return to mestuvzleta from any point on the route and from any withholding provisions;
 - To fly szafiksirovannoy in a certain direction axis machine;
 - Broadcasting video from the board of apparatus for visual inspection of the area from the board of the apparatus.
 - Availability vozmozhnostitelemetricheskogo control operator nazemle all parameters flying machine (its position coordinates GPS, battery, power consumption, spent battery capacity, poletnoevremya, orientation to the cardinal points, the number of satellites in the GPS system, etc.). The data are displayed on ekranRS with the possibility of interference parameters, as well as nalozhennoytekstovoy information on the video stream from the side of the apparatus.
 - Presence of "chernogoyaschika" (recording the flight path with the associated parameters on the micro-SD kartupamyati)
 -Run ispolnitelnogomehanizma on board the apparatus by a command from the ground.
 
 When equipped with the apparatus additional software kromevysheukazannyh capabilities, the device is able to:
 - Osuschestvlyatavtonomny flight on the route which is marked with dots on the map, with stops vdannyh points at a given time by the operator, with a specified accuracy uderzhaniyapozitsii and at a given height, and takzhefiksatsiya longitudinal axis of the vehicle on a given object (POI), which can take an object prioblete his points in full automatic mode;
 - Execute scripts, including aerobatics figures (circle, figure eight, house, etc.), the script mozhetbyt activated by the operator or event, the code script analogichenyazyku scripting and can be amended or supplemented by the user;
 - Respond nasobytiya, among which, the discharge pipes, the excess of distance or height, loss of communication with the operator. The reaction mozhetsluzhit return home or any other action;
 - Show golosovyesoobscheniya on a computer (PC) on the most critical parameters sredikotoryh, battery discharge, the excess of distance or height, loss of communication soperatorom, flight time, distance to the house and to the goal;
 - Manage nazemnympovorotnym mechanism with basic directional antennas for osuschestvleniyaluchshey mobile communication.
 
 The appliance design provides for the possibility of compensation giroskopicheskistabilizirovannym suspension of photo, video equipment slope flying platform 4-way, to ensure the horizontality of images and video.
 The design of the apparatus used brushless (no imeyutschetochnogo node) motors that require no maintenance during srokasvoey service. To apply power lithium-polymer battery batareibolshoy capacity. In extreme conditions, a transition-laden iron-phosphate batteries.
 Stabilization of the apparatus on the basis of pokazaniy3's high-quality MEMS gyroscopes, 3 osevogoakselerometra, 3 magnetometers (form a 3D compass, as a subsidiary control using an additional 3 osevoyakselerometr). Fly Height Control on the basis pokazaniybarometra (as a subsidiary of control data was recorded sakselerometra on the vertical axis and data from the GPS).
 For motor control, brushless motors are used unikalnyekontrollery driven bus I2C (TWI interface).
 
 Group of Russian enthusiasts on the basis of foreign experience vetoy area, designed, manufactured and tested key equipment, which underlies the construction multirotornogo aircraft:
 1. Osnovnayaplata responsible for stabilizing the platform and upravlenievsemi functions and capabilities;
 2. Kontrollerybeskollektornyh engines srabochim current up to 16A and peak load up to 22A;
 3. Platanavigatsii responsible for the navigation functions;
 4. Platakompasa responsible for the orientation of the apparatus on either side of the world;
 5. PlataGPS;
 6. Existing prototypes optimalnyhkonstruktsy frame apparatus and suspension of photo, video equipment;
 7. Program settings apparatus;
 8. Necessary additional oborudovaniedlya communication apparatus with a personal computer (including poradiokanalu).
 9. Equipment for telemetry, instrumentation control, visual observation and manual control.
 
 Based on the experience gained during the test multikopterov, the basic configuration, requirements, capabilities, configuration devices, methods of management razlichnyhusloviyah and ways of further development.
 The draft ispolzovanmirovoy experience in robotics, microelectromechanical systems, actuators, sensors, actuators, a microcontroller, microprocessor and vstraivaemymsistemam, reconfigurable devices, automation and process control system, instrumentation, sistemamkontrolya and management, diagnostic machine machinery, measurement technology, instrumentation, etc.
 
 Field of application - environmental monitoring, development of weapons and voennoytehniki, combating terrorism, agriculture, utilities, security ipodderzhanie law, domestic sphere and leisure, the elimination posledstviytehnogennyh accidents, aerial photos and video.
 
 

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